4. 根据上下语境来确定时态

在绝大多数情况下，动词的时态是由上下文来决定的，这就要求我们一方面要熟记各种时态的适用范围，另一方面要求我们注意上下文的提示。

【例】(2013·湖北武汉·27)—What does Tom's uncle do？

—He is a teacher. Hephysics at a school now.

A. will teach B. has taught C. teaches D. taught

【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：——汤姆的叔叔是干什么的？——他是一名老师。他现在在一所学校教物理。”根据问句时态以及时间状语now可以判断用一般现在时。故选C。

【答案】C

三

专项训练

1. (2014·安徽·5)Tomthere for 10 months since heback to his hometown.

A. has lived;gets B. has lived;got

C. lived;go D. lived;has got

2. (2014·湖北枣阳·33) —Where is your father？

—HeShanghai on business for several days.

A. has been to B. has gone to

C. has been in D. has left for

3. (2014·江苏盐城·10) —Do you know the young man well？

—Sure，wefriends since we met in Nanjing three years ago.

A. have been B. were

C. have made D. have become

4. ( 2014·深圳·9) —Let's go to Yang Meikeng to enjoy the cool wind，？

—Good idea. But I am afraid we can't go there if it.

A. will you;rains B. will you;will rain

C. shall we;will rain D. shall we;rains

5. (2014·江苏江阴·8) Mr BlackShanghai this afternoon. Do you know when the earliest plane to Shanghai？

A. is leaving for;takes off

B. will leave;takes off

C. is leaving for;is taking off

D. will leave;is taking off

6. (2013·广东)Tim will call me as soon as hemy package.

A. receive B. will receive

C. received D. receives

7. (2013·山西)—Dear，you need toto go to university at home or go abroad.

—OK，Mum. I am considering it.

A. make an appointment

B. make a suggestion

C. make a decision

8. (2013·山西太原)Don'tup English. It's very useful.

A. give B. hurry C. stay

9. (2013·吉林)I need a new jacket. This one doesn'tthe cold.

A. help out B. take away

C. keep out D. give away

10. (2013·浙江)We have toour sports meeting till next week because of the heavy rain.

A. take off B. get off

C. put off D. set off

11. (2013·四川成都)Chinese peoplekeep pigs for food. But now some people keep them as pets.

A. used toB. has toC. had better

12. (2013·河北)your name on the paper and you can get a gift.

A. Cut down B. Look down

C. Turn down D. Put down

13. (2013·江苏南京)He failed in the basketball match and looks sad. Let's.

A. put him up B. set him up

C. cheer him up D. clean him up

14. (2013·安徽)The sports meeting will bebecause of the bad weather.

A. put on B. put off

C. put up D. put down

【答案与解析】

1. B解析：考查动词时态的用法。由连词since引导时间状语从句应该用一般过去时态，主句要用现在完成时态。故选B。

2. C解析：考查have/has been in的用法。A项到某地去过;B项到某地去了;C项到某地去过一段时间;D项已经离开。由句意“他来上海做生意好几天了”判断，应该用has been in。故选C。

3. A解析：考查动词的辨析用法。由从句中的连词判断，从句用一般过去时态，主句用现在完成时态。因为从三年前在南京就是好朋友，不是通过交朋友或成为朋友，所以排除B、C、D三项。故选A。

4. D解析：考查交际应答和时态的用法。疑问句Let's...表示建议，应该用Shall we？来提问。应答句是if引导的条件状语从句，根据主将从现原则，故选D。

5. A解析：考查动词时态的用法。由第一句中的时间状语“this afternoon”判断，谓语动词用现在进行时态表示将要发生的动作，故选is leaving for。下一句表示习惯性的动作，应该用一般现在时态。故选A。

6. D 解析：考查动词的时态。句意：蒂姆一收到我的包裹就会给我打电话。as soon as引导的时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时，时间状语从句用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故动词用三单形式。

7. C解析：考查动词短语的辨析。句意：——宝贝，你需要做一个决定，在国内上大学还是出国。——好的，妈妈。我正在考虑。make an appointment约会;make a suggestion提建议;make a decision做决定。根据句意选C。

8. A 解析：考查动词短语辨析。give up放弃;hurry up快点;stay up熬夜。句意：不要放弃英语，它很重要。

9. C解析：考查动词短语的辨析。句意：我需要一件新夹克，这一件不能抵挡寒冷。help out帮助克服困难;take away带走;keep out挡在外面;give away捐赠。根据句意选C。

10. C 解析：考查动词短语辨析。take off起飞;get off下车;put off推迟;set off出发。句意：因为下大雨，我们必须推迟运动会到下周。只有put off具有“推迟”意思，故选C。

11. A解析：考查动词短语的辨析。句意：中国人过去喂养猪做食物，但是现在一些人把它们当宠物养。used to过去常常;has to不得不;had better最好。根据句意选A。

12. D解析：考查动词短语辨析。cut down“砍倒”;look down“看不起”;turn down“关上”;put down“写下”。句意：写下你的名字，你就可以得到一个礼物。故选D。

13. C 解析：考查动词短语辨析。put up张贴，搭建;set up建立;cheer up使……振奋;clean up打扫干净。根据句意“他篮球赛输了，看起来很难过”，所以“我们要让他振作起来”。

14. B解析：考查动词短语辨析。put on穿上;put off推迟，拖延;put up张贴，搭建，put down放下。句意：因为坏天气运动会被推迟了。故选B。