48. instead, instead of

instead是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of是介词短语，放在句中He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.

49. too much, much too

too much 后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词 much too heavy

50. raise, rise

raise及物动词，rise不及物动词 The sun rises in the east.

51. bring, take, carry, fetch

bring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作 fetch a box of chalk

52. spend, take, pay, cost

spend人做主语，花钱，花时间; spend…on sth./in doing sth; take物做主语，花时间; pay人做主语，花钱，pay for; cost物做主语，花钱

53. join, join in, take part in

join加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in参加小型的活动, join sb. in；take part in 参加大型的活动 He joined the army five years ago.

54. leave, leave for

leave离开，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.

55. used to, be used to

used to过去常常，be used to习惯于，后接sth./doing sth.；被用来，后接 do sth. He is used to getting up early.

56. win, lose, beat

win后接sth.，反义词为lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them

57. live on, live by

live on以…为主食，live by靠…谋生 live on fish/ live by fishing

58. lose, miss

lose失去（具体的物体），错过 sth. is lost, lose the chance；miss 想念，错过sth. is missing, miss the chance

59. be tired of, be tired with/from

be tired of厌烦…，be tired with/from因为…而累了 be tired with/from running 800 meters

60. care about, care for

care about关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；care for关心，照料，喜欢，愿意 He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care for movies.

61. feed, raise

feed喂养，养活，饲养 (to give food to)， raise饲养，养育 (cause to grow, bring up children) raise the family

62. mean to do, mean doing

mean to do打算，想要做某事，mean doing意思是，意味着 By this I mean giving the students more practice.

67. die from, die of

die from表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等，die of表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素 die of hunger and cold

68. pay for, pay back, pay off

pay for为…付钱，pay back还钱，但不一定还清，pay off还清 pay for the book, pay off the debt

69. arrive, get, reach

arrive不及物动词，后接in (大地点)，at(小地点)，get不及物动词后接to，reach及物动词 arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing

70. manage, try

manage to do设法做成了某事，try to do尽力去做某事但不一定成功 He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.

71. be familiar to, be familiar with

be familiar to某物对某人来说是熟悉的，be familiar with某人熟悉某物 The book is familiar to me. I'm familiar with the book.

72. agree with, agree to, agree on

agree with同意某人，agree to同意某事，agree on在…上达成一致意见，主语是复数 agree with you, agree to the plan

73. receive, accept

receive收到某一东西，但不一定接受，accept接受 I received a gift, but I didn't accept it.

74. wear, put on, dress

wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表动作 It's cold outside. Put on your warm clothes.

75. listen, hear

listen强调动作，hear强调结果 I listened, but I heard nothing.

76. look, see, watch

look看的动作，see看的结果，watch强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展watch TV

77. lie, lay

lie躺，位于(lay, lain),说谎(lied, lied)，lay平放(laid, laid) lay the book

78. hurt, injure, wound

hurt感情上受伤，injure事故中受伤，wound战争中受伤 He was wounded in the war.

79. turn, get, grow

turn表突变，后常接表颜色的词，get强调变的结果，grow强调过程，逐渐的变化 turn yellow, get tired, grow big

80. happen, take place

happen偶然性的没有预料到的事情的发生，take place必然性的发生 Great changes have taken place in my hometown.

81. at, in (表地点)

at小地点，in大地点 arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai

82. increase to, increase by

increase to增长到…，increase by增长了… The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000.

83. since, for (完成时间状语)

since接点时间或一句话，for接一段时间 for three years, since 3:00

84. on earth, on the earth, in the earth

on earth在世上，在人间，到底，究竟，一点也不，on the earth在地上，在地球上，in the earth在地下，在泥土里 no use on earth

85. in surprise, to one's surprise

in surprise惊奇地，to one's surprise使某人吃惊的是，

86. in the air, on the air, in the sky

in the air正在酝酿中，on the air播送，广播，in the sky在天空中 His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight.

87. through, across

through穿越空间，across在…上穿过 through the forest, across the desert

88. on the way, in the way

on the way在前往…的路上，in the way挡路 The chair is in the way.

89. above, on, over

above在上面，不接触，on在上面，接触，over在正上方 fly over the hill

90. until, not…until

until到…为止， not…until直到…才（常跟点动词连用）I waited until 3:00. He didn't come until 3:00.

91. besides, except, except for

besides除了…还（包括在内）except除了（不包括在内），except for整体…除了某一点以外 The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.

92. weather, if

当是否解时，只有在宾语从句中二者可以互换，其余都用weather，当如果解时用if I don't know if/whether he will come. If he comes, I'll let you know.

93. because, since, as, for

原因由强到弱为：because, since/as, for. 在句中的位置如下：1)…because… 2) Since/as…, … 3) …, for… Since I was ill, I didn't go.

94. when, as, while (表时间)

when从句动词点动词，持续性动词均可，as重在表示动作同时发生，伴随进行，while从句动词为持续性动词 While I slept, a thief broke in.

95. the same…as, the same…that

the same…as和…一样的（相似但不同一）， the same…that 同一物体 This is the same pen that I used yesterday. (同一支笔)

96. as well, as well as

as well也，常放于句末，和and连用表示既…又；as well as并列连词，不但…而且… He is a professor, and a writer as well.

97. such…as, such…that

such…as像…样的，such…that如此…以至于 He is not such a fool as he looks like. He is such a good student that all the teachers like him.

99. because, because of

because连词，连接两句话，because of介词短语，后接词或短语 He didn't go to school because of his illness.

100. in order that, in order to

表目的，in order that后接句子，in order to后接动词原形 I got up early in order to catch the first bus. I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.